{"id":576,"date":"2020-06-09T11:52:47","date_gmt":"2020-06-09T09:52:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.carbon-waters.com\/?p=2154"},"modified":"2023-11-03T12:03:07","modified_gmt":"2023-11-03T11:03:07","slug":"how-to-differentiate-graphene","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.carbon-waters.com\/en\/how-to-differentiate-graphene\/","title":{"rendered":"How to differentiate Graphene?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>There are many types of graphene, each depending on how it was produced. Learn how to differentiate graphene based on its production process. This will allow you to select the right type of graphene for your application.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How is graphene produced?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Graphene has been isolated and characterized for the first time ever in 2004 thanks to the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/figure\/Scotch-tape-procedure-reported-by-Novoselov-and-Geim-in-2004-Picture-adapted-from_fig1_263664487\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">scotch-tape method<\/a>. This method proved that graphene was not just a theory, but a reality.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Scotch tape method is not transferable to industrial production of graphene, but it was a stepping-stone. Several different production processes have emerged since graphene was first isolated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Two different strategies can be applied:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Bottom Up: Graphene produced from gases by Chemical Vapour Deposition (CVD)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Top Down: Graphene produced from graphite by exfoliation (chemical, mechanical, oxidative)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>These different processes produce various <a href=\"https:\/\/www.carbon-waters.com\/en\/how-can-the-quality-of-graphene-be-assessed\/\">quality <\/a>and types of graphene.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>We can segment the graphene family in 2 ways:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Material Thickness<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Purity<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Material Thickness<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Graphene is limited to 10 layers, so is less than 3 nm thick. Today, very few companies are able to produce this type of graphene.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>SLG: Single Layer Graphene (1 Layer)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>FLG: Few Layer Graphene (2-5 Layers)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>MLG: MultiLayer Graphene (&lt;10 Layers)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>GNP: Graphite NanoPlates (&lt;250 Layers)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.carbon-waters.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/graphene_family_thickness_material_carbon_waters-1024x457.png\" alt=\"Type of graphene\" class=\"wp-image-2211\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For such a 2D material, thickness is a critical parameter. The thinner the material, the better the properties will be.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Purity of Graphene<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Functional groups, even in low quantities, decrease its performance as an anticorrosion agent or thermal and electrical conductor. The degree of functionalization and the level of defects depend greatly on the method of production.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There are five main methods:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.carbon-waters.com\/en\/how-to-produce-graphene-by-chemical-vapour-deposition\/\">Chemical Vapour Deposition <\/a>(CVD): SLG or FLG with nearly no functional groups or defects.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.carbon-waters.com\/en\/chemical-exfoliation\/\">Chemically exfoliated graphene<\/a>: FLG or MLG with very low amount of functional groups and defects.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.carbon-waters.com\/en\/mechanical-exfoliation\/\">Mechanically exfoliated graphene<\/a>: FLG, MLG or GNP with some functional groups.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Reduced Graphene Oxide (rGO): SLG, FLG, MLG or GNP with some functional groups.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.carbon-waters.com\/en\/oxidative-exfoliation\/\">Graphene Oxide<\/a> (GO): FLG, MLG or GNP with many functional groups.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Comparing Graphene<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>When choosing graphene, you should be careful of the quality and scalability of the graphene. It all depends on the application and how you want to use graphene.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"437\" src=\"https:\/\/www.carbon-waters.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/graphene-production-processes-cvd-exfoliation-oxidation-1024x437.png\" alt=\"Different production processes for graphene\" class=\"wp-image-2187\" style=\"width:859px;height:364px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.carbon-waters.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/graphene-production-processes-cvd-exfoliation-oxidation-1024x437.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.carbon-waters.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/graphene-production-processes-cvd-exfoliation-oxidation-300x128.png 300w, https:\/\/www.carbon-waters.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/graphene-production-processes-cvd-exfoliation-oxidation-768x328.png 768w, https:\/\/www.carbon-waters.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/graphene-production-processes-cvd-exfoliation-oxidation.png 1292w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>There are many types of graphene, each depending on how it was produced. Learn how to differentiate graphene based on its production process. This will allow you to select the right type of graphene for your application. How is graphene produced? Graphene has been isolated and characterized for the first time ever in 2004 thanks [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":786,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-576","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-graphene-en"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>What are the different graphene types?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"They are many type of graphene from different production processes. Currently there are 4 production processes to create graphene.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.carbon-waters.com\/en\/how-to-differentiate-graphene\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"What are the different graphene types?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"They are many type of graphene from different production processes. Currently there are 4 production processes to create graphene.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.carbon-waters.com\/en\/how-to-differentiate-graphene\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Carbon Waters\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2020-06-09T09:52:47+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-11-03T11:03:07+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.carbon-waters.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/avantages-graphene.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1333\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"2000\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"admin_fourmizz\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"admin_fourmizz\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.carbon-waters.com\\\/en\\\/how-to-differentiate-graphene\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.carbon-waters.com\\\/en\\\/how-to-differentiate-graphene\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"admin_fourmizz\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.carbon-waters.com\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/4aa68522b8bd34bd332578df40fc3080\"},\"headline\":\"How to differentiate Graphene?\",\"datePublished\":\"2020-06-09T09:52:47+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-11-03T11:03:07+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.carbon-waters.com\\\/en\\\/how-to-differentiate-graphene\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":354,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.carbon-waters.com\\\/en\\\/how-to-differentiate-graphene\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.carbon-waters.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2023\\\/08\\\/avantages-graphene.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Graphene\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.carbon-waters.com\\\/en\\\/how-to-differentiate-graphene\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.carbon-waters.com\\\/en\\\/how-to-differentiate-graphene\\\/\",\"name\":\"What are the different graphene types?\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.carbon-waters.com\\\/en\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.carbon-waters.com\\\/en\\\/how-to-differentiate-graphene\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.carbon-waters.com\\\/en\\\/how-to-differentiate-graphene\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.carbon-waters.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2023\\\/08\\\/avantages-graphene.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2020-06-09T09:52:47+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-11-03T11:03:07+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.carbon-waters.com\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/4aa68522b8bd34bd332578df40fc3080\"},\"description\":\"They are many type of graphene from different production processes. Currently there are 4 production processes to create graphene.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.carbon-waters.com\\\/en\\\/how-to-differentiate-graphene\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.carbon-waters.com\\\/en\\\/how-to-differentiate-graphene\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.carbon-waters.com\\\/en\\\/how-to-differentiate-graphene\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.carbon-waters.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2023\\\/08\\\/avantages-graphene.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.carbon-waters.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2023\\\/08\\\/avantages-graphene.jpg\",\"width\":1333,\"height\":2000},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.carbon-waters.com\\\/en\\\/how-to-differentiate-graphene\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Accueil\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.carbon-waters.com\\\/en\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"How to differentiate Graphene?\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.carbon-waters.com\\\/en\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.carbon-waters.com\\\/en\\\/\",\"name\":\"Carbon Waters\",\"description\":\"Endless horizon of materials\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.carbon-waters.com\\\/en\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.carbon-waters.com\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/4aa68522b8bd34bd332578df40fc3080\",\"name\":\"admin_fourmizz\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/acc6e7fe9ff72ec8a01d4e4a7300b27490a16879e2c2d1c21301e2954f66bb30?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/acc6e7fe9ff72ec8a01d4e4a7300b27490a16879e2c2d1c21301e2954f66bb30?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/acc6e7fe9ff72ec8a01d4e4a7300b27490a16879e2c2d1c21301e2954f66bb30?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"admin_fourmizz\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.carbon-waters.com\"],\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.carbon-waters.com\\\/en\\\/author\\\/admin_fourmizz\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"What are the different graphene types?","description":"They are many type of graphene from different production processes. Currently there are 4 production processes to create graphene.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.carbon-waters.com\/en\/how-to-differentiate-graphene\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"What are the different graphene types?","og_description":"They are many type of graphene from different production processes. Currently there are 4 production processes to create graphene.","og_url":"https:\/\/www.carbon-waters.com\/en\/how-to-differentiate-graphene\/","og_site_name":"Carbon Waters","article_published_time":"2020-06-09T09:52:47+00:00","article_modified_time":"2023-11-03T11:03:07+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1333,"height":2000,"url":"https:\/\/www.carbon-waters.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/avantages-graphene.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"admin_fourmizz","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"admin_fourmizz","Est. reading time":"3 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.carbon-waters.com\/en\/how-to-differentiate-graphene\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.carbon-waters.com\/en\/how-to-differentiate-graphene\/"},"author":{"name":"admin_fourmizz","@id":"https:\/\/www.carbon-waters.com\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/4aa68522b8bd34bd332578df40fc3080"},"headline":"How to differentiate Graphene?","datePublished":"2020-06-09T09:52:47+00:00","dateModified":"2023-11-03T11:03:07+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.carbon-waters.com\/en\/how-to-differentiate-graphene\/"},"wordCount":354,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.carbon-waters.com\/en\/how-to-differentiate-graphene\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.carbon-waters.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/avantages-graphene.jpg","articleSection":["Graphene"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.carbon-waters.com\/en\/how-to-differentiate-graphene\/","url":"https:\/\/www.carbon-waters.com\/en\/how-to-differentiate-graphene\/","name":"What are the different graphene types?","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.carbon-waters.com\/en\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.carbon-waters.com\/en\/how-to-differentiate-graphene\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.carbon-waters.com\/en\/how-to-differentiate-graphene\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.carbon-waters.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/avantages-graphene.jpg","datePublished":"2020-06-09T09:52:47+00:00","dateModified":"2023-11-03T11:03:07+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.carbon-waters.com\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/4aa68522b8bd34bd332578df40fc3080"},"description":"They are many type of graphene from different production processes. Currently there are 4 production processes to create graphene.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.carbon-waters.com\/en\/how-to-differentiate-graphene\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.carbon-waters.com\/en\/how-to-differentiate-graphene\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.carbon-waters.com\/en\/how-to-differentiate-graphene\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.carbon-waters.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/avantages-graphene.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.carbon-waters.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/avantages-graphene.jpg","width":1333,"height":2000},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.carbon-waters.com\/en\/how-to-differentiate-graphene\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Accueil","item":"https:\/\/www.carbon-waters.com\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"How to differentiate Graphene?"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.carbon-waters.com\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.carbon-waters.com\/en\/","name":"Carbon Waters","description":"Endless horizon of materials","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.carbon-waters.com\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.carbon-waters.com\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/4aa68522b8bd34bd332578df40fc3080","name":"admin_fourmizz","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/acc6e7fe9ff72ec8a01d4e4a7300b27490a16879e2c2d1c21301e2954f66bb30?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/acc6e7fe9ff72ec8a01d4e4a7300b27490a16879e2c2d1c21301e2954f66bb30?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/acc6e7fe9ff72ec8a01d4e4a7300b27490a16879e2c2d1c21301e2954f66bb30?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"admin_fourmizz"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.carbon-waters.com"],"url":"https:\/\/www.carbon-waters.com\/en\/author\/admin_fourmizz\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.carbon-waters.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/576","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.carbon-waters.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.carbon-waters.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.carbon-waters.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.carbon-waters.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=576"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/www.carbon-waters.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/576\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2346,"href":"https:\/\/www.carbon-waters.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/576\/revisions\/2346"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.carbon-waters.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/786"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.carbon-waters.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=576"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.carbon-waters.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=576"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.carbon-waters.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=576"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}